100 Days Reading campaign- WEEK 5

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Martyrs’ Day is celebrated on January 30, the death anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. The second most popular Martyrs’ Day is on March 23, the day when Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev were hanged in 1931.

The President, the Vice-President, the Prime Minister, and the Defence Minister assemble at the Samadhi of Mahatma Gandhi at Raj Ghat memorial on January 30 and pay respects to Indian martyrs and Mahatma Gandhi. People observe a two-minute silence in the memory of Indian freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives.

Martyr’s Day is celebrated on this day to remember Mahatma Gandhi on his death anniversary.

After India became independent in 1947, Gandhi continued to promote peace and brotherhood In the nation and carried on his work to preach nonviolence as a means towards political and social progress.

This earned him the title of ‘Father of the Nation’ and he became famous for his peaceful policies across the world. He had led several agitations which helped India achieve independence.On January 30, 1948, he was assassinated by Nathuram Godse during the evening prayers at Gandhi Smriti at the Birla House.

The day was then declared as Shaheed Diwas by the central government.

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Facts about the parade of 26th January

Facts about the parade of 26^th January

1. As we all know every year, the organisation of the parade on 26th January is done at Rajpath situated in New Delhi, but do you know that Rajpath was not the organizing centre for the parade from 1950 to 1954? During these years, the 26th January parade was held at Irwin Stadium (now National Stadium), Kingsway, Red Fort, and Ramleela Maidan respectively.

Rajpath became the permanent venue for the parade of 26^th January since AD 1955. Rajpath was known by the name ‘Kingsway’ at that time.

2. Every year, the Prime Minister/ President/ or the ruler of any nation is invited as a guest for the 26th January parade. The first parade was held on 26th January 1950, President of Indonesia Dr. Sukarno was invited as a guest. However, in 1955 when the first parade was held at Rajpath, The Governor-General of Pakistan Malik Ghulam Mohammad was invited.

Brazil's President Jair Messias Bolsonaro was the Chief Guest on 71st Republic Day of India 2020.

3. The parade event on 26th January begins with the arrival of the President. First of all, the cavalier bodyguards of the President salute the National Flag, and during this time, the National Anthem is played and 21 Guns Salute is also given. But do you know that firing is not done with 21 canons? Instead, 7- cannons of the Indian army, which are known as “25- Ponders” are used for the firing in 3 rounds.

The interesting fact is that the time of gun salute firing matches with the time at which the National Anthem is played. The first firing occurs at the start of the National Anthem and the last firing occurs right after 52 seconds. These cannons were made in 1941 and are involved in all the formal programmes of the army.

involved in all the formal programmes of the army.

4. All the participants of the parade get ready by 2 AM and arrive at the Rajpath by 3 AM. But the preparations for the parade begin in July of the previous year, when all the participants are formally informed about their participation. Till August, they practice parade at their related regiment centres and reach Delhi by December. The participants have already practiced for 600 hours before performing on the 26th January formally.

 5. A special camp near the premises of the India Gate is organized for all the Tanks, Armored Vehicles, and modern equipment showing the military power of India. The investigation process for each Cannon and the work of whitewash is performed in 10 stages mostly but this time maybe it will be different.

6. For rehearsal for the parade of 26th January, each group covers the distance of 12 Kilometres but on the day of 26th January they cover the distance of 9 Kilometres only. Judges are seated all through the way of the parade, who judge every participating group based on 200 parameters, and based on this judgment, the “best marching group” title is awarded.

7. Every activity performed on 26th January parade event is pre-organized, right from the beginning till the end. Therefore, even the smallest error and delay by the fewest minutes could cost heavily to the organizers.

8. Each army personnel who participates in the event of the parade has to pass through 4 levels of investigation. Besides this, their arms are thoroughly checked to ensure that their arms are not loaded with live bullets.

9. The tableaux involved in the parade move with a speed of about 5 km/hr, so that important people can watch them thoroughly. You will be surprised to know that the drivers of these tableaux drive them through a small window. In the Republic Day parade on 26 January 2022, 12 states and Union territories and nine ministries and departments have been selected to showcase their tableaux. These include Arunachal Pradesh, Haryana, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Meghalaya, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Uttarakhand.

10. The most fascinating part of the event is “flypast”. Responsibility for “flypast” lies on the Western Airforce Command, which involves the participation of around 41 Aircraft. The Aircrafts involved in the parade take off from different centres of the Airforce and reach the Rajpath at a fixed time.

11. The song “Abide with me” is played at every Republic Day parade event as it was the favourite song of Mahatma Gandhi. But this year, it has been removed by the central government.

12. The army personnel participating in the parade march with indigenously made INSAS rifles, whereas personnel of Special Security Forces march with Tavor rifles made in Israel. This time maybe it is different.

13. According to information obtained through RTI, the expenditure of about 320 crore rupees was incurred in the parade event held in the 2014 parade. In 2001, this expenditure was about 145 crores. In this manner, the expenditure made on 26^th January parade has increased by 54.51% from 2001 to 2014.

Republic Day: History, Significance and Some Facts of January 26

 History

While our Independence Day celebrates freedom from British Rule, Republic Day commemorates the constitution coming into force. January 26 was the chosen date since it was on this day in 1929 that the Indian National Congress issued the Declaration of Indian Independence (Purna Swaraj), opposing the British Regime's Dominion status.

On August 15, 1947, India achieved independence. A committee was created a few days later, on August 29, to draft a permanent constitution for independent India. Dr BR Ambedkar was made chairman of the committee. On November 4, 1947, the committee drafted the constitution and submitted it to the Constituent Assembly. The Assembly met in numerous sessions for nearly two years before finally adopting the Constitution. On January 24, 1950, the 308 members of the Assembly signed two handwritten versions of the agreement -- one in Hindi and one in English -- after much deliberation and a few changes.

The constitution came into effect two days later, on January 26, 1950. Dr Rajendra Prasad began his first tenure as President of the Indian Union on that day.

Significance

India's constitution, which was formally adopted in 1950, replaced the British colonial Government of India Act (1935) as the country's governing text.

On January 26, 1950, the Preamble to the Constitution of India -- a statement presenting the key principles of the Constitution -- came into effect. This completed the country's transition to a sovereign republic. The Constitution establishes fundamental rights that should be enjoyed by all citizens of this country, regardless of their political beliefs. It also establishes some fundamental duties for all citizens of the country to abide by.

5 Facts About Republic Day

1) Between 1950 and 1954, the Republic Day parade was held at Irwin Stadium (now National Stadium), Kingsway, Red Fort, and Ramlila grounds.

2) Republic Day celebrations have been held at Rajpath since 1955. Rajpath was once known as the Kingsway, in honour of India's then emperor, George V. The road was renamed Rajpath after independence, which also means King's Way in Hindi.

3) Every year, the leader of a particular nation is invited to be the chief guest for the Republic Day parade. President Sukarno of Indonesia was the first to attend India's Republic Day celebrations as chief guest in 1950.

4) The parade starts after the arrival of the President of India. The President's cavalier bodyguards salute the National Flag first. The National Anthem is played, followed by a 21-gun salute. The firing is, however, not done using 21 canons. It is done with seven canons of the Indian army known as '25-Ponders' that fire three rounds each.

5) Each member of the army who takes part in the march must go through four layers of investigation. Aside from that, their arms are extensively inspected to ensure they are not carrying live bullets.

Happy Republic Day 🇮🇳🇮🇳

 Did you know that on #26thJanuary the national flag is 

*UNFURLED*, while on #15thAugust it is *HOISTED*.

The logic behind this is that on 15th August the flag is tied to the bottom of the pole, it is lifted up to the top and then hoisted.

To symbolise the #struggle for independence while lifting it up the pole and then celebrating independence by hoisting it.

While on 26th January India became an independent republic!

On the top now , free from the clutches of years of foreign occupation !

Thus the flag is tied to the top of the pole and not at the bottom as on 15th August.

Hence the Flag is UNFURLED!

(Hoist meaning to pull something up with a rope)

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National Girl Child Day Celebration at KV Adra

National Girl Child Day Celebration at KV Adra

 

 

A world without girl is as impossible as a world without water

'A world without girl is as impossible as a world without water.' The world could come to a standstill without the existence of girl child. Therefore, every year, National Girl Child Day is celebrated on January 24 to raise awareness to promote the rights, education, health, and nutrition of the girl child across the country. The day was initiated by the Ministry of Women and child development, providing support and opportunity for girls in India.

The day was first created by the Ministry of Women and Child Development in 2008 to raise awareness of the importance of girl child. An initiative to eliminate gender-based discrimination in society and to bring about a change in behaviour towards girls in this male-preferred world. The government has made many schemes for the development of the girl child.

National Girl Child Day 2022: Celebrations

On this day, the Ministry of Culture has organised an event named 'Umang Rangoli Utsav' as a part of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav. The participants have to make rangoli decorations at 50 special locations across India. A kilometre-long rangoli will be done on the streets and squares named after the female freedom fighters of the country.

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose

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